linux ifconfig

ifconfig

eth0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 00:26:2d:fe:8f:fc  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 20  memory 0xf2600000-f2620000 

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 5282  bytes 268948 (262.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 5282  bytes 268948 (262.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.32.181.83  netmask 255.255.254.0  broadcast 10.32.181.255
        inet6 fe80::226:c6ff:feca:adee  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:26:c6:ca:ad:ee  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 535461  bytes 609737894 (581.4 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 353078  bytes 46949958 (44.7 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eth0:网卡的代号

mtu: Maximum Trasmission Unit 最大传输单元(bytes),表示一次能够传输的最大数据包

ether 00:26:2d:fe:8f:fc：mac地址，mac地址是固化在硬件里的，可以认为是不可变的。

有关mac地址与ip地址的区别，可参考：http://www.arpun.com/article/918.html

netmask：子网掩码

broadcast：广播地址

RX：网络由激活到目前为止的接收情形

TX：网络由激活到目前为止的传送情形

lo：表示为『内部循环 IP 』的网络卡代号，请注意，这个虚拟的 interface 一定要存在！